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parallel programming model
In computing, a parallel programming model is an abstraction of parallel computer architecture, with which it is convenient to express algorithms and their composition in programs. The value of a programming model can be judged on its ''generality'': how well a range of different problems can be expressed for a variety of different architectures, and its ''performance'': how efficiently the compiled programs can execute.〔Skillicorn, David B., "Models for practical parallel computation", International Journal of Parallel Programming, 20.2 133-158 (1991), https://www.ida.liu.se/~chrke55/papers/modelsurvey.pdf〕 The implementation of a parallel programming model can take the form of a library invoked from a sequential language, as an extension to an existing language, or as an entirely new language.
Consensus around a particular programming model is important because it leads to different parallel computers being built with support for the model, thereby facilitating portability of software. In this sense, programming models are referred to as ''bridging'' between hardware and software.〔Leslie G. Valiant, "A bridging model for parallel computation", Communications of the ACM, Volume 33, Issue 8, August, 1990, pages 103--111.〕
==Classification of parallel programming models==
Classifications of parallel programming models can be divided broadly into two areas: process interaction and problem decomposition.〔John E. Savage, Models of Computation: Exploring the Power of Computing, 2008, Chapter 7 (Parallel Computation), http://cs.brown.edu/~jes/book/〕〔Ian Foster, Designing and Building Parallel Programs, 1995, Section 1.3, "A Parallel Programming Model", http://www.mcs.anl.gov/~itf/dbpp/text/node9.html〕〔Blaise Barney, Introduction to Parallel Computing, "Models", 2015, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/parallel_comp/#Models〕
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